I finished reading Fyodor Dostoevsky’s ‘Notes from Underground’ and am enamored by his writing style. The book has the power to fascinate, worry and move. Dostoevsky was imprisoned and exiled for alleged subversion against Tsar Nicholas. Hence, the dark and dramatic novel appears to be inspired by his own experiences. The novel starts with a monologue as the unnamed protagonist is talking about his innermost thoughts, his lonely life, and the world around him. His philosophical and historical insights (from Kant to Darwin) reveal that he spent most of his time reading but loneliness filled his heart with hopelessness and bitterness. The world seems to be divided into two kinds of people for him: men of action and lazy fellows. He believes that he is lazy. It is a pleasure for him to hear when others call him lazy. He says “I repeat with emphasis, all direct persons and men of action are active precisely because they are stupid and limited.” The story further introduces other characters reflecting on his troubled relations with acquaintances. He is unable to form friendships and even behaves strangely with a woman who tries to understand him. He exaggerates things in his mind and that often irritates you as a reader. He is an intellectual but at the same time lacks basic social skills. He talks wisely about relationships and yet terribly fails himself in building them with others. There are clear paradoxes in his personality.
The underground man appears to be a symbolic representation of an aspect of our personality. He is often conversing with the reader using the pronoun ‘we’ instead of I. As if trying to include the reader among his own. As Dostoevsky writes, in every man’s memory there are things that he won’t reveal even to himself…the more decent a man appears, the more he has stored up. I think it is possible that any of us can turn into an underground man. For example, You are a hard-working scholar, but you are unknown in the world of academia. You are a writer but nobody wants to publish your work. Rejection, failures, and other professional and personal bad experiences in life can pile up to develop inertia. Anyone who wants to avoid getting hurt and find refuge in the underground. Underground is a dull and dingy place where the mouse and bugs live. To go through suffering and pain proves futile for underground man. He compares himself with a mouse. A mouse of heightened consciousness is still a mouse while a man of action is a man.
When restlessness and isolation stir the heart of a person, he or she needs love and admiration. This is what he lacks in life. He has even forgotten how to love despite having deep theoretical knowledge. As he himself said, “People like to count their trouble not the good things in their lives.” The underground man can be quite an intense and powerful aspect of our personalities. Especially when we have no support to get out. However, in my opinion, no human is completely lazy or a man of action. Dostoevsky himself must have dedicated himself actively to writing down this novel. Dostoevsky would have appreciated what Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib once said, “Bekhudi besabab nahi Ghalib/ Kuch toh hai jiski parda dari hai” (Your distraction must have a cause Ghalib/something is there, of which concealing is done)
Rashid Abbasi



